United States v. $148,145.00 In U.S. Currency

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CASE NO. CV 18-0670 PVC

Plaintiff, FINDINGS OF FACT AND

CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AFTER

v. BENCH TRIAL $148,145.00 IN U.S. CURRENCY, Defendant.

ROBERT SHUMAKE,

17 Claimant. 18 I. INTRODUCTION 21 This in rem civil forfeiture case arises under the Civil Asset Forfeiture Reform Act of 2000 (CAFRA), 18 U.S.C. § 983, and the Controlled Substances Act (CSA), 21 U.S.C. § 801 et seq. Plaintiff is the United States of America (the “Government”), and Defendant is $148,145.00 in United States (U.S.) Currency (the “Currency”). (Parties’ Stipulated Facts (“Stip. Facts”) at ¶ 8, Dkt. No. 159-1). The issue is whether the Government can compel civil forfeiture of the Currency from Claimant Robert Shumake, who has a 28 controlling interest in the money. (See generally Court’s Order Re: Pending Motions, Dkt. No. 115; Tr. 1 at 242-43).1 3 The…