Doe

BACKGROUND

24 On November 1, 2024, Plaintiff filed a complaint against John Doe alleging direct 25 copyright infringement. ECF No. 1. Plaintiff states that it “is the owner of award-winning, 26 critically acclaimed adult motion pictures.” Id. at 1. Plaintiff alleges that Defendant, who is only 27 known “through his or her IP address 75.25.163.183” is using the BitTorrent protocol to “commit[] rampant and wholesale copyright infringement by downloading [Plaintiff’s] motion pictures as well as distributing them to others.” Id. at 2. Plaintiff describes the BitTorrent File Distribution Network (“BitTorrent”) as “a system designed to quickly distribute large files over the Internet.” Id. at 4. Plaintiff states that BitTorrent allows users “to connect to the computers of other BitTorrent users in order to simultaneously download and upload pieces of the file from and to other users” “without creating a heavy load on any individual source computer and/or network.” Id. Plaintiff further explains the process of distributing a large file through BitTorrent and notes that “[t]o share a movie within the BitTorrent network, a user first uses…