Young

I. BACKGROUND

Respondent requested a domestic violence restraining order against appellant in November 2022. Respondent alleged appellant verbally and emotionally abused her “every day” and had physically abused her three times. She alleged that on the most recent occasion, appellant threw ice water on her, called her a “bitch,” and said he “wanted to kill” her. Later that night, when respondent refused to have sex with him, appellant allegedly became “irate,” “blocked” respondent from “accessing” her child, and “was physically pushing and grabbing at” her. Respondent alleged she suffered “large bruises” on her arm as a result of the incident.1 Appellant filed a response denying the allegations.

1 Appellant was arrested in connection with the incident, and he asks us to take judicial notice of various documents related to the criminal proceedings. We grant the Following a hearing, the trial court issued a domestic violence restraining order against appellant. No court reporter was present at the hearing. According to the minute order, evidence admitted at the hearing included photographs of respondent’s injuries. Exhibits were returned to the parties and have not been made…