P.

We granted review to decide whether one may conspire to actively participate in a criminal street gang. One can. When an active gang participant possessing the required knowledge and intent agrees with fellow gang members to commit a felony, he has also agreed to commit the gang participation offense. That agreement constitutes conspiracy to commit the offense of active gang participation, and may be separately charged once a conspirator has committed an overt act.

I. BACKGROUND

Defendants Corey Ray Johnson, Joseph Kevin Dixon, and David Lee, Jr., were part of a 200-member Bakersfield gang called the Country Boy Crips (CBC). CBC’s rival gangs included the Eastside Crips and the Bloods. Dupree Jackson, a CBC member, testified for the prosecution under a grant of immunity. He was defendant Johnson’s cousin and sold drugs for the gang. He described the gang’s structure and the different roles members filled. Some sold drugs. Some patrolled the boundaries of the gang’s territory to keep out enemies and outsiders. Some would “hang out,” and some were “pretty boys” who brought women into the gang. Others would “ride with the guns” to seek out and kill enemies. Defendant…