J.T.

FACTS

I.

INITIAL PROCEEDINGS

The children resided in Orange County with their father while Mother, a member of the Yurok Tribe, resided in tribal housing in Humboldt County. The children were taken into protective custody in August 2023 due to the father’s severe substance abuse issues.

1 “[W]e use the term ‘Indian’ throughout to reflect the statutory

language” though many prefer other terms. (In re Dezi C. (2024) 16 Cal.5th 1112, 1125, fn. 1.)

2 The father does not challenge the juvenile court’s order, and we

do not further discuss his role.

2 The Agency filed a petition under Welfare and Institutions Code section 300 as to the children.3 As to Mother, the petition alleged: “[Mother] has an unresolved problem with substance abuse which includes, but is not limited to, alcohol. . . . . [M]other’s criminal history contains multiple substance-abuse-related offenses. . . . [T]he adult maternal half-sibling, [V.V.], reported that the mother had a long history with drugs and that the mother had lost custody of [V.V.] as a result. [V.V.] further reported that the mother continued to be an alcoholic.” The children were detained from parental custody and placed with extended…