J.M.

I.

BACKGROUND

Father and Mother share one minor child, G.M. Mother filed a request for a DVRO against Father. Following a hearing on July 16, 2021, the court entered a two-year restraining order and awarded legal and primary physical custody to Mother. After a hearing on September 7, 2023, the court renewed the DVRO for an additional five years. The transcript from this hearing is not part of the appellate record. However, a minute order from the hearing concluded that Mother “ha[d] shown by a preponderance of the evidence that she entertains reasonable apprehension of future abuse.” The court explained that “[t]he underlying findings and facts supporting the issuance of the DVRO support its renewal.” Additionally, the court found Mother’s testimony to be credible. It further concluded Father violated the terms of the DVRO by disturbing Mother’s peace. He specifically did so “[b]y sending messages to the doctor including negative comments about [Mother]” and “[s]ending text messages to [Mother’s] son’s phone directed at [Mother].” The court noted that disputes about child custody did not violate the DVRO.

II.

DISCUSSION

A. Legal Principles “We generally review an order…