Lizarraga

NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS JUL 8 2025

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

CARLOS DADA; et al., No. 24-2179 D.C. No. Plaintiffs - Appellants, 3:22-cv-07513-JD v.

MEMORANDUM*

NSO GROUP TECHNOLOGIES

LIMITED; Q CYBER TECHNOLOGIES

LIMITED,

Defendants - Appellees.

DANIEL LIZARRAGA, No. 24-3463 Plaintiff - Appellant, D.C. No. 3:22-cv-07513-JD and

CARLOS DADA, et al.,

Plaintiffs,

v.

NSO GROUP TECHNOLOGIES

LIMITED; Q CYBER TECHNOLOGIES

LIMITED,

Defendants - Appellees.

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California James Donato, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted April 10, 2025 Pasadena, California

Before: BADE and SUNG, Circuit Judges, and SIMON, District Judge.** Dissent by Judge BADE.

Plaintiffs are journalists based in El Salvador who appeal the district court’s

order granting Defendants’ motion to dismiss on…