I. FACTUAL AND LEGAL BACKGROUND

1 In light of the Court’s finding it lacks jurisdiction over the action as improperly removed, all other pending motions in this matter are hereby DENIED as MOOT. [Dkt. 13, 32, 34, 51, 56].

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This matter arises out of a quiet title action filed by Plaintiffs against Defendant in California state court on February 21, 2025. [Dkt. 7-4, at 1–4]. On June 9, 2025, Defendant Kevin Realworldfare filed a notice of removal. [Dkt. 1, “Complaint” at 16]. Plaintiffs then filed a motion to remand the case to Riverside Superior Court. [Dkt. 7, “Motion to Remand”].

II. LEGAL STANDARD

A motion to remand challenges the propriety of the defendant’s removal. Moore-Thomas v. Alaska Airlines, Inc., 553 F.3d 1241, 1244 (9th Cir. 2009) (citing 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c)). Considering the “strong presumption” against removal, the defendant carries the burden of proving that removal was proper. Gaus v. Miles, Inc., 980 F.2d 564, 566 (9th Cir. 1992). “The removal statute is strictly construed, and any doubt about the right of removal requires resolution in favor of remand.” Moore-Thomas, 553 F.3d at 1244. “If at any time before final judgment it appears that the district court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, the case shall be remanded.” 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c). Under 28 U.S.C. § 1446, defendants have two opportunities to file a notice of removal. The first opportunity is “within 30 days after the receipt by the defendant, through service or otherwise, of a copy of the initial pleading setting forth the claim for relief upon which such action or proceeding is based.” 28 U.S.C. § 1446(b)(1). “If no ground for removal is evident in that pleading, the case is ‘not removable’ at that stage.” Harris v. Bankers Life and Cas. Co., 425 F.3d 689, 694 (9th Cir. 2005). The second opportunity is: if the case stated by the initial pleading is not removable, a notice of removal may be filed within 30 days after receipt by the defendant, through service or otherwise, of a copy of an amended pleading, motion, order, or other paper from which it may first be ascertained that the case is one which is or has become removable. 28 U.S.C. § 1446(b)(3). Accordingly, where the complaint is indeterminate about removal, defendants may remove the action within 30 days of receiving a document or paper demonstrating the case is removable. Prado v. Dart Container Corp. of California, 373 F. Supp. 3d 1281, 1285–86 (N.D. Cal. 2019).2

2 The Ninth Circuit further recognizes a third opportunity for defendant to file a notice of removal: where, during defendant’s own investigation, the defendant (continued . . . )

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III. DISCUSSION

Plaintiffs argue this action should be remanded to state court because Defendant failed to properly remove this action within the statutory 30-day window. [Dkt. 7 at 7]. Further, Plaintiffs argue this action is not removable under 28 U.S.C. § 1331, as the case does not present a private right of action. Defendant argues the Motion should be denied due to Plaintiffs’ filing the motion without a verified declaration by a real party in interest. [Dkt. 13, at 3]. The Court will address the timeliness of removal as well as Plaintiffs’ request for attorney fees, below. For the following reasons, the Court finds that Defendant’s removal was untimely. Because the Court finds the removal untimely, the Court need not address the other arguments on the propriety of removal. A. Timeliness of Removal Plaintiffs argue Defendant’s removal was untimely because it failed to meet the statutory 30-day deadline. [Dkt. 7 at 14–15]. For clarity, Defendant was properly served with Plaintiffs’ Complaint on February 8, 2025. [Dkt. 7-4, at 14]. Given the statutory time period, Defendant should have filed for removal by March 10, 2025. However, Defendant did not file for removal until June 9, 2025, over ninety days after the deadline. [Dkt. 1]. Here, Defendant’s removal was untimely. Section 1446(b)’s thirty-day time limit is mandatory and “a timely objection to a late petition will defeat removal.” Fristoe v. Reynolds Metals Co., 615 F.2d 1209, 1212 (9th Cir. 1980). Because Plaintiffs made a timely objection to Defendant’s removal, such objection to Defendant’s late petition warrants remand. See 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c) (requiring a “motion to remand the case on the basis of any defect other than lack of subject matter jurisdiction must be made within 30 days after the filing of the notice of removal under section 1446(a)”). B. Attorney Fees Under 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c), the Court has wide discretion to grant or deny attorney fees when remanding a case. Moore v. Permanente Medical Group, Inc., 981 F.2d 443, 447 (9th Cir. 1992); see 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c). Attorney fees should be granted when the removing party lacked an objectively reasonable basis for seeking removal. Martin v. Franklin Capitol Corp., 546 U.S. 132, 141 (2005)

uncovers information sufficient to demonstrate removability after the expiration of the two statutory 30-day windows. Jakuttis v. Allstate Indem. Co., No. EDCV 15- 0624 JGB (KKx), 2015 WL 3442083, at *2 (C.D. Cal. May 27, 2015).

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(“Absent unusual circumstances, courts may award attorney’s fees under § 1447(c) only where the removing party lacked an objectively reasonable basis for seeking removal. Conversely, when an objectively reasonable basis exists, fees should be denied.”); see also Gardner v. UICI, 508 F.3d 559, 561 (9th Cir. 2007). Here, the Court is inclined to deny Plaintiffs’ request for attorney fees given the expeditious remand to state court. As such, the Motion for Attorney’s Fees is hereby DENIED.

IV. CONCLUSION

Accordingly, Plaintiffs’ Motion to Remand [Dkt. 7] is GRANTED and Motion for Attorney’s Fees is DENIED. All other pending motions are DENIED as moot. Further, the Court ORDERS this case remanded to the Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of Riverside.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

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