1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 NATIONWIDE AGRIBUSINESS Case No. 1:23-cv-01528-JLT-CDB

INSURANCE COMPANY,

12 ORDER GRANTING DEFENDANT’S Plaintiff, REQUEST FOR LEAVE TO FILE SUR- 13 REPLY v. 14 (Docs. 42, 43)

PENN-STAR INSURANCE COMPANY,

15 et al., 2-DAY DEADLINE

16 Defendants. ORDER VACATING MOTION HEARING

17 18 Background 19 Plaintiff Nationwide Agribusiness Insurance Company (“Plaintiff”) initiated this action 20 with the filing of a complaint on October 11, 2023, against Defendants Penn-Star Insurance 21 Company (“Penn-Star”) and Grimmway Enterprises, Inc., doing business as Grimmway Farms 22 (“Grimmway”) (collectively, “Defendants”) in the Superior Court of California, County of Kern, 23 Case No. BCV-23-103412. (Doc. 1-1). The action was initially removed to this Court on 24 October 26, 2023. (Doc. 1). 25 On September 26, 2024, the Court granted Plaintiff’s motion to remand and remanded the 26 case to state court. (Doc. 30). Defendants thereafter removed the case back to this Court 27 pursuant to the “bad faith” exception to the one-year rule of 28 U.S.C. § 1441(b) and 1446(c)(1) on May 28, 2025. (Doc. 31). On June 27, 2025, Plaintiff filed a motion to remand and a request 1 for judicial notice. (Docs. 34, 35). Penn-Star filed an opposition on July 18, 2025 (Docs. 39, 40), 2 and Plaintiff filed a reply on July 30, 2025 (Doc. 41). 3 Pending before the Court is Penn-Star’s request for leave to file a sur-reply and the 4 accompanying declaration of counsel in support, filed August 1, 2025. (Docs. 42, 43). 5 Discussion 6 In general, parties do not have the right to file sur-replies. See Local Rule 230(m). Courts 7 generally view motions for leave to file a sur-reply with disfavor. See Imber v. Lackey, No. 1:22- 8 CV-00004-DAD-HBK, 2022 WL 3648061, at *1 (E.D. Cal. Aug. 24, 2022) (citing Hill v. 9 England, No. CVF05869RECTAG, 2005 WL 3031136, at *1 (E.D. Cal. Nov. 8, 2005)). 10 However, district courts have the discretion to grant or deny leave to file a sur-reply. See U.S. ex 11 rel. Meyer v. Horizon Health Corp., 565 F.3d 1195, 1203 (9th Cir. 2009). “‘Although the [c]ourt 12 may in its discretion permit the filing of a sur[-]reply, this discretion should be exercised in favor 13 of allowing a sur[-]reply only where a valid reason for such additional briefing exists, such as 14 where the movant raises new arguments in its reply brief.’” Warren v. City of Chico, No. 2:21- 15 CV-00640-DAD-DMC, 2024 WL 4803960, at *1 (E.D. Cal. Nov. 15, 2024) (quoting Fedrick v. 16 Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC, 366 F. Supp. 2d 1190, 1197 (N.D. Ga. 2005)). 17 In its request, Penn-Star seeks to file four new items of evidence and a six-page brief. See 18 (Doc. 42). Penn-Star asserts that this evidence relates to two points raised in its notice of 19 removal: 1) whether the removal on May 28, 2025, was timely; and 2) whether Grimmway should 20 be realigned as a co-plaintiff. (Doc. 42 at 2). Penn-Star provides that good cause exists here 21 because the new evidence was obtained on July 24 and 29, 2025, after the July 18, 2025, deadline 22 to oppose the motion to remand. Penn-Star further states that it did not file this evidence before 23 Plaintiff’s reply brief to “avoid an appearance of gamesmanship by doing so only one day before 24 Nationwide’s reply was due.” Id. Penn-Star states that any unfairness would be mitigated by the 25 Court’s permitting Plaintiff to file a sur-reply opposition. Id. at 3. 26 In the accompanying declaration in support, counsel for Penn-Star Daniel N. Katibah 27 provides a timeline of events. In brief, counsel declares that Penn-Star’s “proposed sur-reply 1 document request,” drafted by counsel and served on June 24, 2025, which sought Plaintiff’s 2 record of correspondence about this action with former defendant Nereo-Penaloza Herrera. (Doc. 3 43 ¶¶ 3-4). Penn-Star propounded a similar request on Plaintiff in state court in March 2025, 4 seeking correspondence with Grimmway. Counsel did not include a request for correspondence 5 with Herrera at that time because Plaintiff had dismissed Herrera from that action in January 2024 6 without Herrera having appeared. Id. ¶ 5. 7 Plaintiff served documents responsive to the March 2025 request on May 16, 2025, 8 containing evidence that “prompted Penn-Star to remove the case to this court,” with removal 9 filed on May 28, 2025. Id. ¶ 6. Counsel states that Penn-Star, thus, could not “reasonably have 10 propounded its subsequent requests seeking Plaintiff’s correspondence with Herrera until after it 11 had removed the case,” due to the 30-day deadline for removal upon receipt of a document from 12 which it may be ascertained the case has become removable, in addition to the 30-day response 13 deadline for Plaintiff to respond to discovery requests. Id. ¶¶ 6-7 (citing 8 U.S.C. § 1446(b)(3); 14 Laurelwood Cleaners, LLC v. American Express Co., 2020 WL 5291015 * 2, fn. 1 (C.D. Cal. 15 2020)). 16 Counsel declares that, after reviewing Plaintiff’s discovery responses regarding 17 correspondence with Grimmway, he assessed that Plaintiff likely had also engaged in out-of-court 18 correspondence with Herrera concerning this action. Counsel did not propound related discovery 19 immediately upon removal as the evidence’s “impact largely went to threshold questions of 20 removability and remand” and, if Plaintiff did not move to remand within 30 days of removal, 21 Penn-Star “would have no good reason to seek Nationwide’s correspondence with Herrera about 22 this lawsuit.” Id. ¶¶ 8-9. Once informed by counsel for Plaintiff that they would seek remand, 23 counsels had a call on June 23, 2025, concerning the remand motion, after which Penn-Star 24 served the document requests seeking correspondence between Plaintiff and Herrera the next day. 25 Id. ¶¶ 10. 26 Counsel attaches seven exhibits to his declaration, consisting of the June 24, 2025, 27 discovery requests (id., Ex. A), Plaintiff’s July 24, 2025, responses (id., Ex. B), Plaintiff’s service 1 production relating to correspondence between Plaintiff and Herrera (id., Ex. D, E, F), and 2 excerpts from the deposition of James Weihe, a former employee of Grimmway (id., Ex. G). 3 Counsel represents that he had originally subpoenaed Weihe for the deposition to occur on July 4 16, 2025, prior to the deadline for Penn-Star’s opposition to the motion to remand, but Weihe was 5 unavailable and the deposition was conducted on July 24, 2025. Id. ¶ 14. 6 In light of the representations of counsel concerning the timeline for discovery potentially 7 relevant to the issue of remand, as well as Penn-Star attaching the proposed sur-reply numbering 8 no more than six pages, the Court in its discretion will grant Penn-Star’s request for leave to file a 9 sur-reply. See Imber, 2022 WL 3648061, at *1 (“Based upon Imber’s representation that the 10 surreply will address only the new arguments raised in the reply and be limited to four pages, the 11 Court will exercise its discretion and permit Imber to file a surreply.”). The Court will, 12 correspondingly, grant Plaintiff leave to file a sur-reply opposition. Further, in light of the 13 extensions, the Court will vacate the currently noticed motion hearing, to be reset by the presiding 14 district judge as necessary. See Local Rule 230(g). 15 The Court admonishes the parties that it is unlikely to grant any further requests for 16 additional briefing absent a showing of manifest injustice. See Warren, 2024 WL 4803960, at *2 17 (declining to provide permission to file reply to sur-reply and noting such requests would 18 “encourage an endless volley of briefs”) (quoting Garrison v. Ne. Ga. Med. Ctr., 66 F. Supp. 2d 19 1336, 1340 (N.D. Ga. 1999)). 20 Conclusion and Order 21 Accordingly, it is HEREBY ORDERED: 22 1. Penn-Starr’s request for leave to file a sur-reply (Docs. 42, 43) is GRANTED; 23 2. Within two (2) days of entry of this order, Penn-Star shall file the proposed sur-reply 24 (Doc. 42, Ex. 1) as a stand-alone entry on the docket, including as an attachment thereto 25 the declaration of Daniel Katibah with accompanying exhibits (Doc. 43); 26 /// 27 /// ] 3. Due to the unavailability of counsel for Plaintiff between August 4 to August 13, 2025, as 2 represented by counsel for Penn-Star upon transmittal of the request to the Court as well 3 as in the parties’ prior stipulation (Doc. 36 at 3), Plaintiff may file any sur-reply 4 opposition no later than August 25, 2025; and 5 4. In light of the briefing authorized herein, the hearing noticed on Penn-Starr’s motion to 6 remand for August 18, 2025, is HEREBY VACATED, to be reset by the presiding district 7 judge as necessary. 8 | ITIS SO ORDERED. ? Dated: _ August 6, 2025 | Word by 10 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28