Justus

FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 24-1641 D.C. No. Plaintiff - Appellee, 4:20-cr-00265-

YGR-

v.

ROBERT ALVIN JUSTUS, Jr.,

OPINION

Defendant - Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted October 6, 2025 San Francisco, California

Filed December 19, 2025

Before: Jacqueline H. Nguyen and Daniel A. Bress, Circuit Judges, and Richard D. Bennett, District Judge. *

Opinion by Judge Nguyen

* The Honorable Richard D. Bennett, United States District Judge for the District of Maryland, sitting by designation. SUMMARY **

Criminal Law

The panel affirmed Robert Alvin Justus, Jr.’s convictions for aiding and abetting the murder of a person assisting a federal officer and aiding and abetting attempted murder of a person assisting a federal officer, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1114(1), 1114(3), 1111, and 1112. During a Goerge Floyd protest in 2020, Justus drove a van while his co-defendant, Steven Carrillo, fired nineteen rounds from an assault…