Holmes

FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 22-10312

Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. 5:18-cr-00258- v. EJD-

ELIZABETH A. HOLMES, ORDER AND

AMENDED

Defendant-Appellant. OPINION

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 22-10338

Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. v. 5:18-cr-00258-

EJD-

RAMESH SUNNY BALWANI,

Defendant-Appellant.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Nos. 23-1040 23-1167 Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. v. 5:18-cr-00258- EJD-

ELIZABETH A. HOLMES,

Defendant-Appellant.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 23-1166 D.C. No. Plaintiff-Appellee, 5:18-cr-00258-

EJD-

v.

RAMESH "SUNNY" BALWANI,

Defendant-Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California Edward J. Davila, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted June 11, 2024 San Francisco, California

Filed February 24, 2025 Amended December 22, 2025

Before: Mary M. Schroeder, Jacqueline H. Nguyen, and Ryan D. Nelson,…