Pryor

facts. In 2003, appellant purchased and developed 18 lots of land in the City of Lancaster. In 2006, appellant’s lender foreclosed on the real property. In 2009, appellant filed for bankruptcy. He also filed mechanic’s liens on the property. On July 8, 2009, respondent purchased the property, and later had the mechanic’s liens released. On December 17, 2009, appellant filed a complaint against numerous parties alleging 11 causes of action, including “breach of covenant,” fraud, wrongful foreclosure, and quiet title. Appellant apparently alleged a civil conspiracy among the defendants, including his lender and respondent, to defraud him of the real

1 Pryor appealed from a minute order, and not from any final judgment identified in the record. Because the order disposed of all of appellant’s claims and respondent does not challenge the appealability of the minute order, we will deem the order a final judgment. (See Levy v. Skywalker Sound (2003) 108 Cal.App.4th 753, 761, fn. 7.)

2 property, causing him an economic loss of $5 million. Respondent eventually filed an answer, generally denying the allegations. Discovery was then propounded, although only respondent’s responses to…