Suprayitno Sudarno v. Eric H. Holder Jr.

MEMORANDUM

Suprayitno Sudarno, a native and citizen of Indonesia, petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order dismissing his appeal from an immigration judge’s decision denying his application for withholding for removal. We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252 . We review for substantial evidence the agency’s factual findings, and we review de novo the agency’s legal determinations. Wakkary v. Holder, 558 F.3d 1049, 1056 (9th Cir.2009). We deny the petition for review.

Sudarno contends he suffered past persecution and faces a clear probability of future persecution in Indonesia on account of his political opinion and his membership in a particular social group. Substantial evidence supports the agency’s finding that Sudarno failed to establish that any emotional, psychological or economic harm he experienced, considered individually and cumulatively, establish past persecution on account of a protected ground. See Gormley v. Ashcroft, 364 F.3d 1172, 1177-78 (9th Cir.2004) (mere economic disadvantage or discrimination does not amount to persecution); cf. Mashiri v. Ashcroft, 383 F.3d 1112, 1120-21 (9th Cir.2004) (death threat, violence against…