Doran

These are six appeals from judgments and commitments in civil contempt for refusing to answer questions addressed to appellants by the government’s attorneys while witnesses before the federal grand jury of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, sitting in Los Angeles, California. As in the appeals in the case of Alexander et al. v. United States, 181 F.2d 480 , in this court, these appeals are submitted on the briefs and record in the instant case and the briefs and record in the Alexander case.

■Among the questions asked which the appellants refused to 'answer- on the ground of self incrimination are the following:

From the facts stated common to both the instant and. the Alexander cases and the reasons stated in the latter, we hold the answers to these four questions would tend to incriminate 'appellants and that they committed no contempt in refusing to answer on that ground.

Further questions put to all the appellants are, “Do you know Dorothy Healy?” “Do you know her business or occupation?” and others to discover her occupation and whereabouts. The district court held appellants in contempt although proof was offered that she was…