Paopao

Background

In late summer 2004, two perpetrators committed a series of robberies of illegal gambling rooms. The robbers posed as police officers and were armed. Based on descriptions pro- vided by victims and information provided by unidentified sources, Honolulu Police Officer Joseph Lum (“Officer UNITED STATES v. PAOPAO 17355 Lum”) believed that the two robbers were Sam Matamua (“Matamua”) and Paopao.

On the morning of August 20, 2004, Honolulu Police Detective Brian Lee (“Detective Lee”) received a call from a confidential informant who stated that the men responsible for the earlier gambling room robberies were currently at “Char- ley’s Game Room,” (the “Game Room”) another illegal gam- bling establishment. When Detective Lee arrived at the intersection near the Game Room, he radioed for assistance. While doing so, he spotted Officer Lum, who was off-duty and happened to be traveling through that area. Officer Lum knew of the Game Room and had been there before; he agreed to assist Detective Lee. When the other officers arrived, Officer Lum told them about the layout of the apart- ment the Game Room was located in, that it had only one entrance, and…