Shi

FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,  No. 06-10389 Plaintiff-Appellee, v.  D.C. No.

CR-02-00116-1-HG

LEI SHI,

OPINION

Defendant-Appellant.  Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii Helen Gillmor, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted November 6, 2007—Honolulu, Hawaii

Filed April 24, 2008

Before: Diarmuid F. O’Scannlain, A. Wallace Tashima, and Milan D. Smith, Jr., Circuit Judges.

Opinion by Judge O’Scannlain DeAnna S. Dotson, Esq., Kapolei, Hawaii, argued the cause for the defendant-appellant and filed briefs.

Marshall H. Silverberg, Assistant United States Attorney, Honolulu, Hawaii, argued the cause for the plaintiff-appellee; Thomas J. Brady, Assistant United States Attorney, Honolulu, Hawaii, filed a brief for the plaintiff-appellee; Edward H. Kubo, Jr., United States Attorney, District of Hawaii, Hono- lulu, Hawaii, was on the brief.

OPINION

O’SCANNLAIN, Circuit Judge:

We are called upon to decide whether a foreign national who forcibly seizes control of a foreign vessel in international waters may be subject to the…