[1] Guaranty—Surety op Lessee—Construction op Code Sections.— Sections 594-596, inclusive, of the Political Code are intended to apply exclusively to the conduct of the business of insurance as such, and their provisions cannot be stretched to- cover the case of a single contract of guaranty, such as where one person acts as surety upon a bond guaranteeing the faithful performance on the part of a lessee of the covenants of a written lease.

[2] Corporation Law—Powers op Corporation—Ultra Vires Acts— Notice.—Where an act is within the corporate powers for some purposes or under some conditions,-the rights of parties who- have dealt with the corporation, under the express or implied representation that it is acting with such powers in the making of a particular contract, are entitled to favorable consideration; and in such a case t'he defense -of ultra vires is not available unless it is shown that the, party dealing with the corporation had notice of the intention to perform the act for an- unauthorized purpose, or under circumstances not justifying performance.

[3] Id.—Liability to Third Parties—Defense—Direct Attack.—The attempt of a corporation to use the defense of ultra vires as a means of escaping its liability to third parties is regarded with much less favor than when a direct attack upon such corporate act is made by a stockholder or by the state.

[4] Id.—©urden of Proof.—Where the corporate act is within the powers of the corporation for some purposes and is claimed to be without its powers under given circumstances, the burden of proving the latter state of affairs rests upon the corporation denying its liability.

[5] Id.—Power to Extend Financial Aid.—A corporation organized for the purpose of operating and maintaining the general business of brewing and malting may, in furtherance of its own interests, extend financial aid to its customers.

[6] Id. —General Power — Want of Benefit — Burden of Proof.— Where it is within the general powers of a corporation to execute a guaranty bond under some circumstances, but such act is ultra vires if such corporation receives no direct benefit therefrom, in an action to recover upon such bond, the burden is on the corporation of proving that it received no such benefit.

[7] Landlord and Tenant—Bebate in Bent—Effect on Lease.—A rebate, for certain months, made by the lessor to the lessee and to a committee of its creditors, is not sufficient to establish a change in the written lease so as to affect the amount of future installments of rent.

[8] Id.—Corporation Party to Bebate—Estoppel.—Where the corporation surety for the lessee, through its vice-president, asked for and consented to such change in the amount of the rent, it cannot be heard to object thereto.