Cox

The defendants and appellants were jointly tried and convicted of the crime of criminal syndicalism upon an information in the following words and figures, to wit: ‘ The said defendants ... on or about the 26th day of December, A. D. nineteen hundred and twenty-two at and in the County of Humboldt and State of California, did then and there willfully, unlawfully and feloniously organize and assist in organizing, and each was then and there, and did knowingly become then and there a member of an organization, society group and assemblage of persons, to wit: The Industrial Workers of the World, then and there organized and assembled to advocate, teach, aid and abet criminal syndicalism contrary to the form, force and effect of the statute in such case made and provided, and against the peace and dignity of the People of the State of California.” The defendants’ motion for a new trial being denied, an appeal was taken therefrom and from the judgment of conviction to this court. At the trial the defendants appeared in person and not by counsel.

The information, as set forth, shows that the defendants were charged under subdivision 4 of section 2 of the act of the legislature,…