This is an action against certain stockholders of the Eureka Consolidated Oil Company to recover their proportionate share of the indebtedness of said corporation. The only question presented for decision involves the sufficiency of an allegation in the complaint which reads as follows:

The appellants demurred to the complaint on the ground that no cause of action was stated; the demurrer was overruled, and the appeal is taken from the judgment thereupon entered in favor of plaintiff.

Section 3 of article 12 of the constitution provides that “Each stockholder of a corporation or joint-stock association shall be individually and personally liable for such proportion of all of its debts and liabilities contracted or incurred during the time he was a stockholder, as the amount of stock or shares owned by him bears to the whole of the subscribed capital stock or shares of the corporation or association.”

In the complaint before us, the number of shares issued and the number of shares subscribed for and owned by the defendants is stated, but we are left groping as to the number of shares constituting the whole of the “subscribed capital stock.” It is contended that the averment that but 37,735 shares were issued is equivalent to a statement that only that number of shares were subscribed. 'With this contention we cannot agree. In the ease at bar the averment in question might be absolutely true, and yet the remaining number of shares might have been subscribed by one or more persons not made defendants in this action. “-To constitute the subscribers stockholders, it was not necessary that the certificates of stock should have issued to them.” (San Jose L. & W. Co. v. Beecher, 101 Cal. 79 , [ 35 Pac. 349 ]; California S. H. Co. v. Callender, 94 Cal. 127 , [ 28 Am. St. Rep. 99 , 29 Pac. 859 ] ; Mitchell v. Beckman, 64 Cal. 121 , [ 28 Pac. 110 ].) The averment that stock has been issued amounts to no more than a statement that the stock certificates have issued. (Tulare Sav. Bank v. Talbot, 131 Cal. 39 , [ 63 Pac. 172 ].) And it is a matter of common knowledge that stock is invariably subscribed for before it is issued.

From this it follows that one element necessary to fix the proportion of the indebtedness for which appellants were liable is entirely wanting. We know the amount of stock issued and the number of shares owned by appellants, but we are not informed as to the total number of shares subscribed.

It has -been held repeatedly that a complaint failing to state the whole number of shares subscribed is fatally defective and we have neither the inclination nor the right to depart from a rule so well settled and sound. (John A. Roebling’s Sons Co. v. Butler, 112 Cal. 678 , [ 45 Pac. 6 ]; Bidwell v. Babcock, 87 Cal. 32 , [ 25 Pac. 752 ]; Const., art. XII, sec. 3; Civ. Code, sec. 322.)

The judgment is reversed.

Buckles, J., and Chipman, P. J., concurred.

A petition for a rehearing of this cause was denied by the district court of appeal on October 16, 1906, and a petition to have the cause heard in the supreme court, after judgment in the district court of appeal, was denied by the supreme court on November, 15, 1906.