Appeal by defendants from a judgment and order denying a new trial.

The action was on account of an attorney’s fee for services rendered by plaintiff’s assignor to defendants. The case was tried by a jury, which rendered a verdict in plaintiff’s favor. Several months before the trial defendants demanded a bill of particulars, which was furnished by plaintiff, and contained, among other items, the item: “Retainer, seven months at $100 per month, $700.” No demand was made for a further bill, and upon the trial the court permitted plaintiff to prove certain services rendered defendants which were included in said item. This is assigned as error. “In estimating the value of an attorney’s services it is proper to include in the consideration a reasonable retaining fee.” (Roche v. Baldwin, 143 Cal. 192 , [ 76 Pac. 956 ].) While the performance of actual services may. not be essential in order that a retaining fee may be recovered (Knight v. Russ, 77 Cal. 413 , [ 19 Pac. 698 ]), it certainly cannot prejudice defendant to show that upon the faith of such retainer certain specific sendees were rendered for which he was not otherwise paid, and for which he made no other charge. And, in addition, the value of the retainer may be shown (Knight v. Russ, 77 Cal. 413 , [ 19 Pac. 698 ]), in which case, the bill of items not being objected to, services rendered as affect ing such value would not he improper, especially in this case, where the item of retainer at so much per month would indicate that the term employed involved something more than is usually covered by the expression.

The only other error complained of in appellants’ brief relates to the action of the court in permitting counsel for plaintiff to state to the jury that it had been called at defendants’ request, and then, at length, to express an opinion as to the propriety of a jury passing upon the question of the value of an attorney’s fee; and, further, questioning their ability so to do as intelligently as a court might be able to do under like circumstances. Applying the rule that misstatements or improper statements made to the jury during argument as affording ground for reversal must relate to matters of fact material, as distinguished from matters of mere opinion, and, in any event, “must be such as in a material matter to have prejudiced the defendant” (People v. McMahon, 124 Cal. 436 , [ 57 Pac. 224 ]), we are unable to see just how defendants were prejudiced by the statements complained of. If the opinion of counsel for plaintiff, as expressed to the jury, in which its ability to intelligently determine the issues was questioned had any effect, it certainly would not operate against the defendants, who had impliedly expressed confidence in the jury when they called it to pass upon the questions of fact involved.

We find no error prejudicial or otherwise in the record, and the judgment and order are affirmed.

Shaw, J., and Taggart, 31, concurred.