Robbiano

These are appeals from judgments in personal injury cases. All of the appeals arose out of litiga tion involving the same accident. The actions were consolidated for trial and the appellants have brought up the judgment-roll and a bill of exceptions.

The accident occurred on the San Mateo-Hayward bridge about 6:25 P. M. on the evening of November 13, 1930. The bridge runs in a general easterly and westerly direction and has a railing four or five feet high on each side. It is 27 feet wide and is divided into three lanes of equal width, the lines being indicated by six-inch markers. The bridge was lighted at the time of the accident with lights 210 feet apart staggered on opposite sides of the bridge. At the time of the accident a car occupied by the Joos family headed east was stalled in the southerly traffic lane. Although it was dark the car was seen by the witnesses at a considerable distance. We will discuss this point in the case later in this opinion.

On the evening of the accident, Sylvester Robbiano and his brother-in-law, John Ragno, had been visiting in Redwood City and were returning to their homes in Oakland. Bach had his separate car. Robbiano was driving a Buick;…