United States v. Allen Coades

Appellant challenges his conviction of attempted bank robbery in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 2113(a)(d). We affirm.

1. Appellant argues that evidence obtained incident to his arrest should have been suppressed because the police officers lacked probable cause to arrest him. Customers and employees of the bank saw two black men with stocking masks step out of a car and approach the rear door of the bank, carrying guns. One man entered the bank. . He exchanged gunfire with the security guard. The men ran. The guard gave chase. The guard encountered four off-duty officers in the bank parking lot. He told the officers what had happened, described the robbers as two male Negroes, one wearing a leather jacket, and indicated the direction of their flight. The officers drove off in pursuit. At the next intersection a by-stander pointed down the intersecting street. The officers turned the corner, and saw two black males, one wearing a leather jacket, walking down the street, approximately one-half block from the intersection. They were the only pedestrians in sight. The officers pulled to a stop behind the men, jumped out with drawn guns, and shouted, “Freeze,” “Police,” “Hit the…