United States v. Charles Kent Spetz, United States of America v. Vincent Anthony Gulino, United States of America v. Max Andrew Kalik
Opinion
Opinion
Reinhardt, J.
MODIFIED OPINION
Appellants Charles Spetz, Vincent Gulino, and Max Kalik were charged with violation of the federal narcotics laws in a five count indictment. Count One charged Spetz, Gu-lino and Kalik with conspiracy to distribute and to possess with intent to distribute marijuana, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846 (1976). Count Two charged Gulino with possession with intent to distribute marijuana, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841 (a)(1) (1976), and Kalik and Spetz with aiding and abetting, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2 (1976). Count Three charged Spetz with possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841 (a)(1) (1976). Count Four charged Kalik with possession of marijuana, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 844 (1976). Count Five charged Kalik and Spetz with possession of cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 844 (a) (1976).
Prior to trial, Spetz, Gulino, and Kalik filed various motions to suppress a quantity of marijuana seized in a van pak, marijuana, narcotics, and narcotics paraphernalia seized during the search of a residence, the contents of a briefcase taken during a search of the trunk of Gulino’s automobile, and a quantity of marijuana seized…