MEMORANDUM

Gregory Cross (Cross) appeals from his 120-month sentence for unarmed bank robbery in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2113 (a). Cross argues that the district court erred in applying the career offender guideline under U.S.S.G. § 4B1.1 because his convictions for unarmed bank robbery do not categorically qualify as crimes of violence within the meaning of U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2. Because the parties are familiar with the facts, we do not recount them here. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and 18 U.S.C. § 3742 , and we affirm.

We held in United States v. Selfa, 918 F.2d 749, 751 (9th Cir. 1990), that unarmed bank robbery in violation of § 2113(a) constitutes a crime of violence under the “force clause” of U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2 and within the meaning of § 4B1.1. Similarly, we held in United States v. Wright, 215 F.3d 1020, 1028 (9th Cir. 2000), that armed bank robbery in violation of § 2113(a) & (d) constitutes a crime of violence within the meaning of 18 U.S.C. § 924 (c). No intervening authority has overruled these precedents.

Contrary to Cross’s arguments that unarmed bank robbery does not require violent force or intentional conduct, “intimidation” under § 2113(a) requires the necessary level of violent physical force as defined by Johnson v. United States, 559 U.S. 133, 140, 143 , 130 S.Ct. 1265 , 176 L.Ed.2d 1 (2010). Furthermore, as a general intent statute, conviction under § 2113(a) requires intentional use or threatened use of force and therefore does not conflict with Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1, 8-11 , 125 S.Ct. 377 , 160 L.Ed.2d 271 (2004), or Fernandez-Ruiz v. Gonzales, 466 F.3d 1121, 1123 (9th Cir. 2006) (en banc). See Carter v. United States, 530 U.S. 255, 268 , 120 S.Ct. 2159 , 147 L.Ed.2d 203 (2000) (holding that § 2113(a) “requir[es] proof of general intent” (emphasis omitted)). Accordingly, no “intervening higher authority” is “clearly irreconcilable” with Selfa and Wright , and those precedents are controlling here. Miller v. Gammie, 335 F.3d 889, 893 (9th Cir. 2003) (en banc). .

Therefore, the district court did not err in applying the career offender guideline, because Cross’s conviction under § 2113(a) qualified as a crime of violence under the guidelines.

AFFIRMED.

xhiS disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. . Because unarmed bank robbery qualifies as a crime of violence under § 4B 1.2(a)(1), we do not reach the parties’ arguments regarding the commentary to that provision. We have, however, stated that the commentary's language supports the conclusion that unarmed bank robbery is a crime of violence. See Selfa, 918 F.2d at 751 .