NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FEB 3 2021

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

ERIKA JACOBS, No. 19-16877

Plaintiff-Appellant, D.C. No. 2:18-cv-00479-SPL

v.

MEMORANDUM*

MESA POLICE DEPARTMENT,

Defendant-Appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Arizona Steven Paul Logan, District Judge, Presiding

Submitted January 20, 2021**

Before: McKEOWN, CALLAHAN, and BRESS, Circuit Judges.

Erika Jacobs appeals pro se from the district court’s summary judgment in

her 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action alleging federal and state law claims arising from a

traffic citation. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review de novo.

Stephens v. Union Pac. R.R. Co., 935 F.3d 852, 854 (9th Cir. 2019). We may

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. ** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). affirm on any basis supported by the record. Thompson v. Paul, 547 F.3d 1055,

1058-59 (9th Cir. 2008). We affirm.

Summary judgment was proper on Jacobs’s constitutional claims because

Jacobs failed to raise a genuine dispute of material fact as to whether any policy or

custom of Mesa Police Department caused Jacobs to suffer constitutional injuries.

See Castro v. County of Los Angeles, 833 F.3d 1060, 1073-76 (9th Cir. 2016) (en

banc) (discussing requirements to establish municipal liability under Monell v.

Department of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658 (1978)); see also Bd. of Cty. Comm’rs

v. Brown, 520 U.S. 397, 403 (1997) (“[A] municipality may not be held liable

under § 1983 solely because it employs a tortfeasor.” (citations and internal

quotations marks omitted)).

Summary judgment was proper on Jacobs’s race discrimination claim under

the Civil Rights Act because Jacobs failed to establish a prima facie case of

discrimination. See McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802-04

(1973) (setting forth burden-shifting framework under which plaintiff bears the

initial burden to establish a prima facie case of discrimination); Rashdan v.

Geissberger, 764 F.3d 1179, 1182 (9th Cir. 2014) (applying McDonnell Douglas

burden-shifting framework to disparate treatment claims under Title VI).

The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying Jacobs’s post-

judgment motion for recusal. See United States v. Johnson, 610 F.3d 1138, 1147

2 19-16877 (9th Cir. 2010) (setting forth standard of review and grounds for recusal). We

reject as unsupported by the record Jacobs’s contentions that the district court

engaged in unethical tactics or behavior.

We reject as without merit Jacobs’s contentions regarding applicability of

the federal Whistleblower Protection Act or Manual of Uniform Traffic Control

Devices for Streets and Highways.

We reject as unsupported by the record Jacobs’s claim that audio and video

recordings were tampered with and destroyed by police.

We do not consider matters not specifically and distinctly raised and argued

in the opening brief, or arguments and allegations raised for the first time on

appeal. See Padgett v. Wright, 587 F.3d 983, 985 n.2 (9th Cir. 2009).

Jacobs’s “motion to object order” (Docket Entry No. 20) is denied.

AFFIRMED.

3 19-16877