United States v. Sai Keung Wong, United States of America v. Sui Keung Chan, United States of America v. Pak Chuen Ip

Sai Keung Wong, Sui Keung Chan, and Pak Chuen Ip appeal their convictions of conspiracy to possess, distribute, and import heroin, possession with intent to distribute and import heroin, and importation of heroin. They contend that the district court abused its discretion by refusing to order disclosure of the identity of an informant and by refusing to order disclosure of Malaysian police reports. They also argue that the jury instructions were inadequate and that there was insufficient evidence to sustain their conviction. We affirm.

I. BACKGROUND

In September 1986, Sweat Quen Chan, Li Ping Loh, Sui Keung Chan, and Sai Keung Wong arrived at Los Angeles International Airport from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Each carried a false-sided suitcase loaded with heroin. Pak Chuen Ip and Cheuk Kit Ho, who had arrived in New York from Kuala Lumpur several weeks earlier, arrived at the airport in a rental car. Ho had pictures of two of the couriers, and Ip had the names of Sweat Chan and Loh and the couriers’ flight itinerary.

At the airport terminal, Ho spoke briefly and discretely with Sweat Chan. Although Ip and Ho were well acquainted with at least two of the couriers, there was only one…