Upon the facts in this case we make the following points :

2d. That at the time of the services for which said account was presented, there was no law requiring them to be performed by the Auditor; therefore that section 51 of the Fee Bill is not applicable to them. That the interests of the county required that they should be performed, and that it was competent for the Supervisors to have the same done; that to do this, they must procure the services of the Auditor; for such services the Auditor shall he allowed a compensation. The Board has made such allowance, and as of right and according to law it could do; and its decision as to the amount allowed is not the subject of review. (See Brady v. The Supervisors, 2 Sanford’s Reports, page 473; directly in point.)

As to the intervenor, he is the innocent holder of the warrant; that the same is a negotiable paper, and although not collectable in the hands of Note ware, it is in the hands of the present holder.

Sanderson & Hewes for Respondents.

The proceedings were irregular, null and void :

Establish the doctrine that a county warrant, illegal at its birth, becomes legal by a transfer to the hands of a “ so called ” innocent *173 holder, and corrupt officials, with a pliant or careless Board of Supervisors, will have the power to rob the County Treasury “ ad libitum.” Government can only be bound by its tribunals or agents when they act strictly within the powers delegated to them by law; and what those powers are, every citizen is bound to know, for “ ignorantia legis nemineon excusat.” With these remarks we dismiss the case, so far as the intervenor’s rights are concerned.

In passing the order under consideration, it is presumed that the Board acted under and by virtue of the second division of its powers and jurisdiction, which reads as follows :

When acting under this branch of its powers, the Board exercises “ judicial functions.” Brady v. Supervisors of Hew York, Sandford’s Superior Court Reports, vol. 2, page 460, 472.

They must therefore be governed like other judicial tribunals by certain essential rules. They must require the presentation of an account or bill of particulars of services for which compensation is claimed, and have proof thereof. Wood’s Digest, 696, sec. 24.

In this case there was no account presented, no examination, no computation, no proof, no settlement, and no allowance, as the law required. Therefore there was nothing before the Board for it to act upon.

It is the duty of the Board to fix the amount of the allowance; it cannot delegate its powers to another. Its order must specify the nature of the services rendered, when rendered, and the amount allowed for the same.

This order fixes no amount, but leaves the same to be ascertained by the very party in whose favor the allowance is made; hence the order is irregular and a nullity, and the subsequent action of the Auditor in drawing the warrant without authority and illegal.

The services for which this allowance was made, were not a legal charge against the county. The Board could not therefore legally allow the same; and in doing so it exceeded its jurisdiction.

The Auditor accepted his office without any stipulation as to compensation for his services, other than Such fees as the Government might *174 see fit to allow him. The Auditor, therefore, can claim no fees except such as are allowed by law.

At the time these services were rendered, the Auditor was not authorized tó issue county warrants. People v. Uoteware, 8 Cal. 58 .

Wood’s Digest, 440, section 15, prescribes the fees which the County Auditor shall receive, and the services for which he can charge fees.

This section certainly does not allow the Auditor fees for issuing county warrants. He cannot charge any other fees than those specially set forth in the Act. Wood’s Digest, 453, 2458, sec 51; Ibid, 455, art. 2472, sec. 69.

Terry, C. J., and Baldwin, J., concurring.

The action of the Board is entirely indefensible. It has no support in any provision of law. From its commencement to its end it was illegal. In the first place, the affidavit of the Auditor presents no claim or account upon which the Board could act. It simply states that services have been rendered for which no compensation has been received. It does not give the amount or value of such services, or furnish any items which the Board could examine, settle and allow. In the second place, the allowance is not of any claim or demand, but only of a rate of compensation ; seventy-five cents for each warrant. Of the number of warrants issued, no information appears to have been asked, and none given. To ascertain and determine this point no inquiry was had. The whole subject was turned over to the Auditor himself, the party for whose benefit the order was made. He was authorized to issue a warrant, and to insert such sum as, according to his system of examination and settlement, he should adjudge correct. In the third place, the services for which the allowance was made were not a legal charge against the county, and the power of the Supervisors to allow accounts is confined to those “ legally chargeable.” (Session Laws 1855, chap. 74, sec. 9.) The statute of 1855-, regulating the fees of office, provides that the compensation to Auditors for specific services shall consist of certain fees, and that no fees shall be charged for any other services than those mentioned in that Act. (Secs. 15, 51, 69.) The Auditor of El Dorado County accepted his office whilst *175 this Act was in force, and his claim for compensation for the issuance and cancellation of warrants is not authorized by any of its clauses; it was not, therefore, “ legally chargeableit was not a claim which the Board was empowered to “ examine, settle and allow.”

The purchaser, Jewett, is in no better position with the warrant than the Auditor would have been. County warrants acquire no greater validity in the hands of third parties than they originally possessed in the hands of the first holder, no matter for what consideration they may have been transferred, or in what faith they may have been taken. If illegal when issued, they are illegal for all time.

The protection which attends the purchaser of negotiable paper before maturity, without notice of the illegality of its consideration, does not extend to like purchasers of county warrants. Were this otherwise, it is easy to see that the county would be entirely at the mercy of the Board. A transfer of the warrant, no matter how illegal the claim for which it was issued, would leave the county remediless.

Judgment affirmed.