This action was brought by Morrison, a stockholder in the History Company, a corporation, on behalf of himself and of all other stockholders in said corporation who should join him in the action, against N. J. Stone, J. L. Hebert, Elizabeth C. Latham, administratrix of the estate of A. S. Latham, and said History Company.

The complaint charges a conspiracy between Stone, Hebert, and Latham, all of whom were connected with said History Company (Stone being vice-president), to injure that corporation, by organizing another, known as the Pacific Publishing Company, and that after the formation of the last-named corporation Stone assumed to sell and transfer to it the stock of eastern subscription books belonging to the History Company, together with the agency and goodwill thereof, whereby the History Company had been deprived of a large portion of its stock in trade, had lost valuable agencies, was crippled in its business, and had been compelled to suspend payment of dividends, to the damage of the History *96 Company in the sum of fifty thousand dollars. The prayer is for damages, and for an accounting.

The answers of the several individual defendants put in issue all the material allegations of the complaint, including the facts upon which the plaintiff assumed the right to bring the action in his own name.

The case was tried before a jury upon nine special issues properly submitted to it, to all of which the jury returned answers in favor of the defendants, and also therewith returned a general verdict in their favor. The defendants moved for judgment thereon, and their motion -was granted, and the plaintiff excepted, and brings this appeal upon the judgment-roll and a bill of exceptions.

The only ground upon which appellant contends for reversal is, that findings were not waived, and that none were filed.

It is said by respondents that this is an action at law for damages, and that the general verdict covers all the issues, and that findings are not required; while appellant insists that it is an equitable action. Without deciding that question we will assume that the action is of equitable cognizance, since there could be no possible ground of reversal if the action is at law.

Where a special verdict of a jury is adopted by the court it takes the place of, and is equivalent to, findings by the court. ( Warring v. Freear, 64 Cal. 56 .) Nor is it necessary that the word “adopt” be used in order to show an adoption of the findings made by a jury upon special issues. (Goldman v. Rogers, 85 Cal. 578 .) That the special verdict was adopted by the court we think is sufficiently clear. Upon the hearing of defendants’ motion for judgment, an order was made “ that judgment be entered in accordance with the verdict of the jury rendered herein”; and all the special issues submitted to the jury, with their answers or findings thereon, were incorporated in the judgment, together with the general verdict. Indeed, it is not even suggested by counsel for appellant that the special findings *97 by the jury were not adopted; nor is it contended that the special verdict does not cover all the issues. Whether it does or not is immaterial, since the findings made by the jury are decisive of the case, and no others "were necessary.

Among other things the jury found that the demand of the plaintiff upon the History Company to bring this action, and its refusal to do so, were simulated, and not in good faith. These findings negatived the right of the plaintiff to maintain the action. (Bacon v. Irvine, 70 Cal. 225 ; Hawes v. Oakland, 104 U. S. 460, 461 ; Morawetz on Corporations, secs. 240, 241.) The material facts involving the merits of the action were also found in favor of the defendants. We can discover no fact in issue upon which a finding is not made, which, if found in favor of appellant, would affect the judgment, and a failure to find thereon, if erroneous, is not prejudicial. (Diefendorff v. Hopkins, 95 Cal. 347, 348 , and cases cited.)

The judgment appealed from should be affirmed.

Belcher, C., and Temple, C., concurred.

Eor the reasons given in the foregoing opinion, the judgment appealed from is affirmed.

De Haven, J., Fitzgerald, J., McFarland, J.