United States v. Ronald Michael Backues

8 F.3d 30 NOTICE: Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3 provides that dispositions other than opinions or orders designated for publication are not precedential and should not be cited except when relevant under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, or collateral estoppel. UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Ronald Michael BACKUES, Defendant-Appellant. No. 92-10658. United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit. Submitted Aug. 11, 1993. * Decided Sept. 24, 1993. Before: KOZINSKI, THOMPSON and T.G. NELSON, Circuit Judges. 1 MEMORANDUM ** 2 * MOTION TO SUPPRESS 1. PROBABLE CAUSE A. Reliability of the Informant 3 McJunkins was a reliable informant because: (1) his statements admitting personal involvement in a large-scale drug operation were against his penal interest, see United States v. Dozier, 844 F.2d 701, 706 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 927 (1988); (2) much of his information was corroborated by independent investigation, see id. at 706; (3) his information was quite detailed, see United States v. Fried, 576 F.2d 787, 791-92 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 895 (1978); (4) his accounts of the dinner party, the actual marijuana transfer, and his pay-off, were…