United States v. Techno Engineering & Construction, Ltd., United States of America v. Michael Georgopapadakos

56 F.3d 75 NOTICE: Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3 provides that dispositions other than opinions or orders designated for publication are not precedential and should not be cited except when relevant under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, or collateral estoppel. UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. TECHNO ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION, LTD., Defendants-Appellants. UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Michael GEORGOPAPADAKOS, Defendant-Appellant. Nos. 94-10374, 94-10375. United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit. Argued and Submitted May 2, 1995. Decided May 18, 1995. Before: PREGERSON, KOZINSKI and HAWKINS, Circuit Judges. 1 MEMORANDUM * 2 1. Jury Instruction 6A correctly stated the law. The victims of mail fraud need not suffer an actual monetary loss. United States v. Dischner, 974 F.2d 1502, 1521 (9th Cir. 1992). It is enough that the government was deprived "'of control over how its money was spent,"' United States v. Doherty 867 F.2d 47, 60 (1st Cir. 1989) (quoting McNally v. United States, 483 U.S. 350, 360 (1987)), as occurred here. Because defendants received money directly from the parties they deceived (the federal, state and local…