Grammer

Plaintiffs Kelsey Grammer and Gram-mnet, Inc. (collectively, “Grammer”), and William Morris Agency, Inc., appeal a district court order confirming a Screen Actors Guild (“SAG”) labor arbitration award, totaling over $2 million in unpaid commissions. Grammer argues that the arbitrators made factual findings unsupported by the record and that they exceeded their jurisdiction. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 , and we affirm the district court.

I. FACTUAL BACKGROUND

The Artists Agency (“Artists Agency”) began representing Grammer in the 1980s, representation that included both Gram-mer’s television and motion picture projects. Grammer became increasingly dissatisfied with Artists Agency in the early *889 1990s, as its representation had secured no motion picture projects for him and Gram-mer’s two most significant television projects (“Cheers” and “Frasier”) were not obtained through Artists Agency.

Grammer sought modification of his Artists Agency contract so that he could seek alternative representation for potential theatrical motion picture projects. After some negotiation, Grammer and Artists Agency agreed in January 1995 that, in exchange for Grammer’s…