Barrier
Barrier v. City of Airway Heights
Opinion
Lead Opinion
MEMORANDUM *
City officials of Airway Heights appeal the district court’s dismissal of their qualified immunity defense to three claims brought by John Barrier. We reverse.
I. Equal Protection Claim
In order to survive summary judgment for purposes of qualified immunity, Barrier must first demonstrate a constitutional violation on the facts alleged. Saucier v. Katz, 533 U.S. 194 , 201, 121 S.Ct. 2151 , 150 L.Ed.2d 272 (2001); Nelson v. Heiss, 271 F.3d 891, 894 (9th Cir.2001). He has not. At this stage of the qualified immunity analysis, we will often accept as true facts alleged in affidavits in the form of hearsay or other inadmissible forms. DiMartini v. Ferrin, 889 F.2d 922 (9th Cir.1989), amended on other grounds, 906 F.2d 465 (9th Cir.1990). Nonetheless, Barrier must still go beyond the pleadings in alleging such facts. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e); Maraziti v. First Interstate Bank, 953 F.2d 520, 524 (9th Cir.1992) (citing DiMartini for proposition that “while facts in affidavits must be accepted as true, ‘general allegations or denials in the complaint or pleadings are not sufficient to withstand summary judgment’ ”).