Elec. Frontier Found. v. Global Equity Mgmt. (SA) Pty Ltd.

IV. LEGAL STANDARDS

When subject matter jurisdiction is based on a federal question, as is the case here, a federal court applies the long-arm statute of the state in which it sits to determine whether there is personal jurisdiction. Glencore Grain Rotterdam B.V. v. Shivnath Rai Harnarain Co. , 284 F.3d 1114 , 1123 (9th Cir. 2002). California's long-arm statute provides that personal jurisdiction extends as far as federal due process allows. Daimler AG v. Bauman , 571 U.S. 117 , 134 S.Ct. 746 , 753, 187 L.Ed.2d 624 (2014) (applying California law). Under this standard, specific personal jurisdiction exists where:

Pebble Beach Co. v. Caddy , 453 F.3d 1151 , 1155 (9th Cir. 2006) (citation omitted). "If the plaintiff succeeds in satisfying both of the first two prongs, the burden then shifts to the defendant to 'present a compelling case' that the exercise of jurisdiction would not be reasonable." Schwarzenegger v. Fred Martin Motor Co. , 374 F.3d 797 , 802 (9th Cir. 2004) (quoting Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz , 471 U.S. 462 , 477, 105 S.Ct. 2174 , 85 L.Ed.2d 528 (1985) ).

To decide whether the first prong is met in tort cases, the Ninth Circuit applies the "effects test" set…