Artichoke Joe's California Grand Casino v. Gale A. Norton

353 F.3d 712 ARTICHOKE JOE'S CALIFORNIA GRAND CASINO; Fairfield Youth Foundation; Lucky Chances, Inc.; Oaks Club Room; and Sacramento Consolidated Charities, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. Gale A. NORTON, Secretary of Interior; James McDivitt, Acting Assistant Secretary of Interior; Arnold Schwarzenegger, * Governor of California; Bill Lockyer, Attorney General of California; Harlan W. Goodson, Director of the California Division of Gambling Control; John E. Hensley, Chair, California Gambling Control Commission; and Michael C. Palmer, J.K. Sasaki, and Arlo Smith, Members of the California Gambling Control Commission, Defendants-Appellees. No. 02-16508. United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit. Argued and Submitted August 14, 2003 — San Francisco, California. Filed December 22, 2003. James Hamilton, Swidler Berlin Shereff Friedman, LLP, Washington, D.C., for the plaintiffs-appellants. Edmund F. Brennan, Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice, Sacramento, California; and Marc A. Le Forestier, Deputy Attorney General, State of California, Sacramento, California, for the defendants-appellees. James C. Martin and Ezra Hendon, Reed Smith Crosby Heafey LLP, Oakland,…