Hilao

The Republic of the Philippines appeals from two orders issued by the district court, even though the Republic is not a party to this litigation. The first “Memorandum and Order” reinstates a 1999 settlement agreement between the Estate of Ferdinand E. Marcos and a class of plaintiffs who had sued the Estate for violations of their human rights. The second “Order Directing Compliance” facilitates the first order by enjoining foreign banks from transferring certain assets that could be used to fund the settlement. The Republic asks us to vacate both orders. But, be *989 cause the Republic is neither a party to the settlement agreement nor a person or banking institution bound by the Order Directing Compliance, we dismiss its appeal for lack of standing.

BACKGROUND

Before turning to the present dispute, we pause to place it in its historical context.

A. The Hilao Litigation and the Abandoned Settlement Agreement

Ferdinand Marcos and his family fled to Hawaii in 1986. Almost immediately, several lawsuits were filed on behalf of individuals who had been arrested, tortured, executed, or dis-appeared during Marcos’ 15-year tenure as President of the Philippines. Hilao v. Estate of…