Lal

This case arises out of a tragic incident. Kamal Lai (“Lai”), upset over a domestic disturbance with his wife, led police on a 45-minute high-speed chase on and off freeways before the officers were able to disable his vehicle. When Lai exited his truck he first tried to seriously hurt himself, then tried to provoke the officers into shooting him, and finally advanced on two officers holding a large rock over his head. When Lai refused to stop and continued to advance to within a few feet of the officers, the officers shot him. Lai’s widow, daughter, and estate (“Plaintiffs”) filed this action, asserting claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 and California law. The district court granted summary judgment for the defendants, finding that the officers were entitled to qualified immunity. We affirm the district court’s determinations that the officers thought that Lai posed an immediate threat of serious physical harm and that the officers’ beliefs were reasonable.

I

On March 6, 2005, the South San Francisco Police Department received a 911 telephone call from Lai’s wife reporting a domestic disturbance involving her husband, Lai. Lai interrupted the call, the *1114 police called…