Cates
Cates v. Johns
Opinion
Lead Opinion
MEMORANDUM **
David A. Cates and Gisela Cates appeal pro se the district court’s dismissal pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(1), (2) and (6) of the Cates’s complaint against Brent Johns, a revenue officer with the Internal Revenue Service, for actions arising out of the attempted collection of the Cates’s federal incomé tax liabilities in excess of $160,000.
The district court correctly substituted the United States as defendant in place of Johns, Demery v. Kupperman, 735 F.2d 1139, 1145-46 (9th Cir.1984), and determined that the action is barred by the doctrine of sovereign immunity, Elias v. Connett, 908 F.2d 521, 527 (9th Cir.1990). The district court also correctly determined that it lacked jurisdiction insofar as the Cates’s complaint sought injunctive relief. 26 U.S.C. § 7421 (a); Sokolow v. United States, 169 F.3d 663, 664-65 (9th Cir.1999) (no suit for the purpose of restraining the assessment or collection of any tax shall be maintained in any court). In addition, the district court correctly determined that the complaint failed to state a claim upon which relief could be granted. 26 U.S.C. § 7432 ; 7433; Shwarz v. United States, 234 F.3d 428, 432-34 (9th Cir.2000).