Singh
United States v. Singh
Opinion
Lead Opinion
MEMORANDUM *
Elvis Anthony Ruben Singh (“Singh”), Gabriele Koenig (“Koenig”), 1 James Dennis Evans (“Evans”), and Bernard Quarles (“Quarles”) appeal their various convictions and sentences for distribution and possession of cocaine base. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 , and we affirm each defendant’s conviction and sentence.
*515 I. Common Claims
Singh, Koenig, and Evans each challenge the district court’s joinder of, and subsequent refusal to sever, their trials.
A Joinder
The district court did not err in joining Singh, Koenig, and Evans for trial. All three defendants were accused of participating in a drug ring out of the residence at 918 East Empire, with Singh leading the ring, Koenig facilitating drug sales, and Evans soliciting potential customers. In addition, Special Agent Chuck Beaumont’s testimony linked Singh, Koenig, and Evans to the Empire residence. Because a logical relationship may be shown where “the common activity constitutes a substantial portion of the proof of the joined charges,” United States v. Sarkisian, 197 F.3d 966, 976 (9th Cir.1999), these facts establish a sufficiently “logical relationship” to support the joinder of these…