Santos-Lopez

MEMORANDUM **

Mario Santos-Lopez, a native and citizen of Guatemala, petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) decision affirming without opinion an immigration judge’s denial of his application for asylum and withholding of removal. We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252 . We review the IJ’s decision as the final agency determination. See Falcon Carriche v. Ashcroft, 350 F.3d 845, 851 (9th Cir.2003). We review for substantial evidence. See Cordon-Garcia v. INS, 204 F.3d 985, 990 (9th Cir.2000). We deny the petition for review.

Substantial evidence supports the IJ’s conclusion that any mistreatment Santos-Lopez suffered at the hands of guerillas was due to his refusal to join the guerillas and not due to his political opinion, real or imputed. See INS v. Elias-Zacarias, 502 U.S. 478, 482 , 112 S.Ct. 812 , 117 L.Ed.2d 38 (1992). For example, Santos-Lopez testified that the guerillas did not search for him by name, that they had no reason to know his late father was once a member of the civil defense patrol, and that Santos-Lopez himself never belonged to a political party or served in either the police, the military or the civil defense patrol.…