Kaktoma

MEMORANDUM **

Kholood Mati Kaktoma, a native and citizen of Iraq, petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ order summarily affirming an immigration judge’s (“IJ”) decision denying her application for asylum, withholding of removal, and protection under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252 . We review for substantial evidence adverse credibility findings, *455 Li v. Ashcroft, 378 F.3d 959, 962 (9th Cir.2004), and we deny the petition for review.

Substantial evidence supports the IJ’s adverse credibility determination because Kaktoma’s voluntary return to Iraq inherently undermines her testimony that she experienced past harm or that she feared returning to her home country. See Loho v. Mukasey, 531 F.3d 1016, 1018-19 (9th Cir.2008). Accordingly, Kaktoma’s asylum claim fails.

Because Kaktoma’s asylum claim fails, she necessarily cannot satisfy the more stringent standard of proof required to demonstrate eligibility for withholding of removal. See id. at 1019 .

Substantial evidence also supports the IJ’s denial of CAT relief based on the IJ’s finding that Kaktoma did not establish a likelihood of torture by, at the…