Hague

MEMORANDUM ***

The parties are familiar with the facts of this case, so we do not repeat them here.

Eric Hague appeals the district court’s grant of summary judgment in the Defendants’ favor on his claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 . He maintains that questioning and refusing to obey orders from his superiors amounted to protected speech because it touched on a matter of public concern. The district court rejected that argument, and we affirm.

The content, form, and context of Hague’s speech is critical to the analysis of his First Amendment claim. Coszalter v. City of Salem, 320 F.3d 968, 973 (9th Cir.2003). Here, those factors cut sharply *254 against Hague, who spoke as a disgruntled employee rather than a concerned citizen, and whose manifest intent was to challenge his job description rather than critique policy or bring an injustice into the public’s view. Generally speaking, speech is not of public concern if it merely communicates a personnel dispute or grievance, and if it is not relevant to the public’s evaluation of government. Id. “Underlying our cases has been the premise that while the First Amendment invests public employees with certain rights, it does not empower…