Garcia-Villalba

MEMORANDUM *

Jesus Garcia-Villalba appeals the district court’s denial of his motion to suppress. The facts are known to the parties and need not be repeated here, except as necessary to explain our decision.

I

Agent Hackett did not coerce Garcia-Villalba’s confession by summarizing the status of the investigation before delivering the Miranda warnings. There is no evidence whatsoever “of any psychological or physical pressure” on Garcia-Villalba, “or of overreaching of any kind.” United States v. Davis, 527 F.2d 1110, 1111 (9th Cir.1975). We have never held that an officer may not accurately summarize the status of an investigation to a suspect, and we decline to do so here.

Nor did Agent Hackett violate Garcia-Villalba’s Fifth Amendment right to counsel by telling him that “his cooperation would be most valuable to us if others didn’t know he was cooperating.” In context, it is clear that Hackett’s statement had nothing to do with discouraging Jesus from contacting counsel. Rather, Hackett was responding to Jesus’ concerns that other traffickers would discover that he was cooperating. Hackett testified: “[Jesus] indicated he didn’t want other people to know that he was…