Ciriaco Valencia v. D. Runnels

MEMORANDUM

Petitioner Ciríaco Valencia appeals the district court’s denial of habeas corpus. Reviewing de novo, Jones v. Ryan, 691 F.3d 1093, 1100 (9th Cir.2012), we affirm.

Even assuming that the jury instruction was erroneous, any error was harmless under Brecht v. Abrahamson, 507 U.S. 619, 623 , 113 S.Ct. 1710 , 123 L.Ed.2d 353 (1993). See Hedgpeth v. Pulido, 555 U.S. 57, 62 , 129 S.Ct. 530 , 172 L.Ed.2d 388 (2008) (per curiam) (holding that the Brecht standard applies to instructional error). We are convinced that the error, if any, did not have a “substantial and injurious effect or influence in determining the jury’s verdict.” Brecht, 507 U.S. at 623 , 113 S.Ct. 1710 (internal quotation marks omitted). Uncontradicted evidence demonstrated that extensive bruising on the victim’s thighs occurred premortem. Accordingly, the jury almost certainly found that direct acts related to the sexual assaults occurred pre-mortem. Moreover, there is no likelihood that the error was prejudicial, because the error permitted an impermissible conviction only under a sequence of events — formation of intent to sexually assault occurring both after the physical assaults and before the death of…