Maya

MEMORANDUM **

Apolinar Africa Maya and his wife Glezeil Maya, natives and citizens of the Philippines, petition pro se for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order affirming an immigration judge’s decision denying their applications for asylum and withholding of removal. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1252 . We review for substantial evidence, see Rostomian v. INS, 210 F.3d 1088, 1089 (9th Cir.2000), and we deny the petition for review.

Africa Maya testified that although he had no personal experiences with the New People’s Army (“NPA”), he feared returning to the Philippines because he feared the terrorism and crime perpetrated by that group. Although Africa Maya testified that he had witnessed bombings, and heard about kidnaping and extortion by members of the NPA, substantial evidence supports the BIA’s determination that the petitioners failed to establish past persecution or a well-founded fear of future persecution. Africa Maya offered no evidence to show that he or his family had ever been targeted for persecution, or that they were likely to be persecuted on account of a protected ground. See id. (concluding that an asylum claim based on…