Benavidez

MEMORANDUM **

Natividad Villaruz Benavidez, a native and citizen of the Philippines, petitions pro se for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ decision summarily affirming an Immigration Judge’s (“IJ”) denial of her application for asylum and withholding of removal, and request for relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252 . We review for substantial evidence and will uphold the IJ’s decision unless the evidence compels a contrary conclusion. INS v. Elias-Zacarias, 502 U.S. 478, 481, 483-84 , 112 S.Ct. 812 , 117 L.Ed.2d 38 (1992). We deny the petition.

Substantial evidence supports the IJ’s conclusion that Villaruz Benavidez is not eligible for asylum, because she failed to show that she was sent threatening letters on account of a protected ground. See id. at 481-82 , 112 S.Ct. 812 (holding that past persecution or well-founded fear of persecution must be on account of a protected ground).

Because Villaruz Benavidez failed to establish eligibility for asylum, she necessarily failed to meet the more stringent standard for withholding of removal. See Fisher v. INS, 79 F.3d 955, 960-61 (9th Cir.1996) (en…