Reed
Reed v. United States Bank National Assoc.
Opinion
Lead Opinion
MEMORANDUM **
Steven Eugene Reed appeals pro se from the district court’s order rescinding the registration of an alleged judgment of the Pembina Nation Little Shell Band Federal Tribal Circuit Court (“Pembina court”). We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291 . We review for abuse of discretion the district court’s decision to recognize a foreign judgment, and we review de novo any underlying questions of law. Bird v. Glacier Elec. Coop., Inc., 255 F.3d 1136, 1140 (9th Cir.2001). We affirm.
The district court did not abuse its discretion in declining to recognize the Pembina court judgment because the Pembina Nation Little Shell Band is not a federally recognized tribe, and Reed offered no valid basis for concluding the Pembina court had jurisdiction over the underlying dispute. See Strate v. A-1 Contractors, 520 U.S. 438, 445 , 117 S.Ct. 1404 , 137 L.Ed.2d 661 (1997) (“[A]bsent express authorization by federal statute or treaty, tribal jurisdiction over the conduct of nonmembers exists only in limited circumstances.”); Smith v. Salish Kootenai College, 434 F.3d 1127, 1130-32 (9th Cir.2006) (en banc) (reviewing Supreme Court precedents concerning jurisdiction of tribal…