Liando

MEMORANDUM **

Ferry Liando and family petition for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order summarily affirming an immigration judge’s (“IJ”) decision denying their application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”), and the BIA’s order denying their motions to reconsider and reopen proceedings. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1252 . We review for substantial evidence the IJ’s denial of the application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the CAT, Singh v. Ashcroft, 367 F.3d 1139, 1143 (9th Cir.2004), and we review for abuse of discretion the BIA’s denial of the motions to reconsider and reopen, Ordonez v. INS, 345 F.3d 777, 782 (9th Cir.2003). We deny the petitions for review.

Substantial record evidence supports the IJ’s conclusion that the two robberies Liando suffered in 1982 and his presence during the 1998 riots did not rise to the level of past persecution. See Gu v. Gonzales, 454 F.3d 1014, 1019-21 (9th Cir. 2006) (brief detention, beating, and interrogation did not compel finding past persecution). The record also supports the IJ’s conclusion that Liando did not have…