1. Collision (§ 7*) — -Regulations—Supervising Inspectors’ Rules.

Regulations to guard against collision established by the hoard of supervising inspectors under authority of Rev. St. §§ 4405, 4412 (U. S. Comp. St. 1901, pp. 3017, 3020), have the force of law; but they are only valid and obligatory in so far as they are not inconsistent with statutory regulations.

[Ed. Note. — For other cases,'see Collision, Cent. Dig. § 6; Dec. Dig. § 7.*J

2. Collision (§ 76*) — -Statutory Rules — Construction.

Inland Navigation Rules, art. 28, 30 Stat. 102 (U. S. Comp. St. 1901, p. 2884), which provides that “when vessels are in sight of one another a steam vessel under way whose engines are going at full speed astern shall indicate that fact by three short blasts on the whistle,” is to be construed as it roads as applying in all cases when vessels are in sight of one another, and is not limited by rule 6 of the pilot rules, adopted by the supervising Inspectors, that whistle signals shall be given and answered by vessels “passing or meeting at a distance within half a mile of each other.”

[Ed. Note. — For other eases, see Collision, Cent. Dig. §§ 124-137; Dec. Dig. § 76.*

Signals of meeting vessels, see note to The New York, 30 C. C. A, 630.1

3. Collision (§ 76*) — Steam Vessels Passing — Mutual Faults.

a collision occurred in the bay about 2,000 feet off the San Francisco piers in the daytime between the steamships Aurelia and Umatilla. The Umatilla had just backed from her pier to go out, and when 1,000 feet from the end of the pier gave a passing signal of two whistles to the Aurelia, which was in sight inward bound for Oakland. The signal was answered, but the Umatilla continued to back for two or three minutes at full speed without giving any signal of such fact. She was in full sight of the Aurelia, however, which did not materially change her course until the vessels were too near together to avoid collision. Held, that both vessels were In fault; the Umatilla for failing to give the signal required by the rules to indicate that her engine was going full speed astern, and the Aurelia for not keeping a proper lookout which would have enabled her to avoid the collision notwithstanding the fault of the Umatilla.

[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Collision, Cent. Mg. § 137; Dec. Dig. § 76.*]