NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS SEP 14 2023

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

MICHAEL ALVES, No. 22-55621

Plaintiff-Appellant, D.C. No. 2:16-cv-09136-RGK-JEM v.

HEWLETT-PACKARD MEMORANDUM*

COMPREHENSIVE WELFARE BENEFITS

PLAN, an ERISA plan; HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE COMPANY, a corporation,

Defendants-Appellees,

and

DOES, 1 through 10,

Defendants.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California R. Gary Klausner, District Judge, Presiding

Submitted September 12, 2023** Pasadena, California

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. ** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). Before: M. SMITH, FRIEDLAND, and MILLER, Circuit Judges.

Michael Alves appeals the district court’s order denying his motion for

attorney’s fees under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, Pub.

L. No. 93-406, 88 Stat. 829. See 29 U.S.C. § 1132(g)(1). We have jurisdiction

under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

The district court did not abuse its discretion when it weighed the five

factors in Hummell v. S.E. Rykoff & Co. and declined to award fees. 634 F.2d 446,

453 (9th Cir. 1980). First, the plan administrator initially misinterpreted a

provision of Hewlett-Packard’s plan, but that error does not necessarily imply bad

faith. See Hope v. International Bhd. of Elec. Workers, 785 F.2d 826, 831 (9th Cir.

1986). Nor does Alves cite other evidence clearly demonstrating that the

misinterpretation was intentional. Second, Hewlett-Packard’s ability to pay weighs

in favor of a fee award. Third, because the record does not establish that the

misinterpretation was intentional, the likely deterrent value of a fee award is

limited. See California Ironworkers Field Pension Tr. v. Loomis Sayles & Co., 259

F.3d 1036, 1048 (9th Cir. 2001). Fourth, Alves admitted that he filed the lawsuit to

benefit himself alone. He does not identify any significant legal question that he

sought to resolve. Fifth, “the relative merits of the parties’ positions[] is, in the

final analysis, the result obtained by the plaintiff,” and Alves did not ultimately

prevail. Smith v. CMTA-IAM Pension Tr., 746 F.2d 587, 590 (9th Cir. 1984).

2 Alves argues that his ultimate loss is irrelevant because he was partially

successful in his first appeal. See Alves v. Hewlett-Packard Comprehensive

Welfare Benefits Plan, 785 F. App’x 397, 399 (9th Cir. 2019). To be eligible for

fees, Alves needed to achieve only “some degree of success on the merits.” Hardt

v. Reliance Standard Life Ins. Co., 560 U.S. 242, 255 (2010) (quoting Ruckelshaus

v. Sierra Club, 463 U.S. 680, 694 (1983)). The district court correctly recognized

that Alves’s partial success made him eligible for a fee award, but the court could

still consider his ultimate loss in deciding whether to exercise its discretion to

award fees. See Simonia v. Glendale Nissan/Infiniti Disability Plan, 608 F.3d

1118, 1121–22 (9th Cir. 2010); Smith, 746 F.2d at 590. It was also appropriate for

the district court to “consider the full course of the litigation,” even though Alves

seeks fees only through his first appeal. Micha v. Sun Life Assurance of Can., Inc.,

874 F.3d 1052, 1057 (9th Cir. 2017).

Balancing the factors, the district court reasonably declined to award fees.

Because we have no “definite conviction” that the district court “made a clear error

of judgment,” we affirm. Hummell, 634 F.2d at 452.

AFFIRMED.

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