INTRODUCTION

19 On July 16, 2020, Rose Ann Bryant (“Plaintiff”), proceeding pro se, filed a 20 complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 405 seeking review of a decision by the 21 Commissioner of Social Security to deny benefits. ECF Docket No. (“Dkt.”) 1. 22 Plaintiff has not corresponded with the Court at all since filing the Complaint on July 23 16, 2020. For the reasons below, the Court DISMISSES this action, without 24 prejudice. 25 /// 26 /// 27 /// 28

II.

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1 BACKGROUND 2 On July 16, 2020, Rose Ann Bryant (“Plaintiff”), proceeding pro se, filed a 3 complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 405 seeking review of a decision by the 4 Commissioner of Social Security to deny benefits. Dkt. 1. On the same date, the 5 Court issued an “Order Re: Procedures in Social Security Appeal” (“CMO”). Dkt. 6. 6 The CMO stated: “Plaintiff will have 35 days from the filing of the answer to file and 7 serve a Memorandum in Support of Plaintiff’s Complaint.” Id. at 2 (emphasis in 8 original). 9 On March 16, 2021, Defendant filed an Answer. Dkt. 12. Accordingly, 10 pursuant to the CMO, Plaintiff’s Memorandum was due by April 20, 2021. See Dkt. 6 11 at 2. 12 On June 25, 2021, this Court issued an Order to Show Cause (“OSC”) ordering 13 Plaintiff to show by July 16, 2021 why this action should not be dismissed for failure 14 to prosecute and failure to comply with a Court Order. Dkt. 15. Plaintiff was warned 15 that “[f]ailure to respond to the Court’s Order may result in the dismissal of the 16 action.” Id. (emphasis added). 17 On August 6, 2021, the Court a second OSC ordering Plaintiff to respond to 18 the Court’s previous Orders. Dkt. 16. Plaintiff was warned that she “must 19 comply…by August 20, 2021, or this action will be dismissed for failure to 20 prosecute.” Id. (emphasis in original). To date, Plaintiff has not responded to the 21 OSC. In fact, Plaintiff has not corresponded with the Court at all since filing the 22 Complaint on July 16, 2020. 23 III. 24 DISCUSSION 25 A. APPLICABLE LAW 26 District courts have sua sponte authority to dismiss actions for failure to 27 prosecute or to comply with court orders. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b); Link v. Wabash 28 R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 629–30 (1962); Hells Canyon Pres. Council v. U.S. Forest 2 Case 5:20-cv-01403-DMG-MAR Document 17 Filed 01/20/22 Page 3 of 7 Page ID #:938

1 Serv., 403 F.3d 683, 689 (9th Cir. 2005) (stating courts may dismiss an action under 2 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b) sua sponte for a plaintiff’s failure to prosecute 3 or comply with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure or the court’s orders); Ferdik v. 4 Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1260 (9th Cir. 1992) (ordering dismissal for failure to 5 comply with court orders). 6 In deciding whether to dismiss for failure to prosecute or comply with court 7 orders, a district court must consider five (5) factors: “(1) the public’s interest in 8 expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the court’s need to manage its docket; (3) the 9 risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public policy favoring disposition of cases 10 on their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic sanctions.” Omstead v. Dell, 11 Inc., 594 F.3d 1081, 1084 (9th Cir. 2010) (quoting Henderson v. Duncan, 779 F.2d 12 1421, 1423 (9th Cir. 1986)). 13 “[The Ninth Circuit] ‘may affirm dismissal where at least four factors support 14 dismissal . . . or where at least three factors “strongly” support dismissal.’” Yourish v. 15 California Amplifier, 191 F.3d 983, 990 (9th Cir. 1999) (quoting Hernandez v. City of 16 El Monte, 138 F.3d 393, 399 (9th Cir. 1998)). In a case involving sua sponte 17 dismissal, however, the fifth Henderson factor regarding the availability of less drastic 18 sanctions warrants special focus. Hernandez, 138 F.3d at 399. 19 B. ANALYSIS 20 1. The public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation 21 In the instant action, the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation 22 weighs in favor of dismissal. See Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 F.3d 639, 642 (9th Cir. 23 2002) (“The public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation always favors 24 dismissal.” (quoting Yourish, 191 F.3d at 990) (internal quotation omitted)). Plaintiff 25 has not filed a Memorandum in compliance with the Court’s on July 16, 2020 CMO 26 or otherwise responded to the Court’s Orders. In fact, Plaintiff has not corresponded 27 with the Court at all since she first filed the Complaint on July 16, 2020. Dkt. 1. 28 Given that Plaintiff has failed to interact with the Court for over a year, this factor 3 Case 5:20-cv-01403-DMG-MAR Document 17 Filed 01/20/22 Page 4 of 7 Page ID #:939

1 weighs in favor of dismissal. See Dkt. 1; see also Pagtalunan, 291 F.3d at 642 (finding 2 that the plaintiff’s failure to pursue the case for almost four (4) months weighed in 3 favor of dismissal). 4 2. The Court’s need to manage its docket 5 The second factor—the Court’s need to manage its docket—likewise weighs in 6 favor of Dismissal. Courts have “the power to manage their dockets without being 7 subject to the endless vexatious noncompliance of litigants.” See Ferdik, 963 F.2d at 8 1261. As such, the second factor looks to whether a particular case has “consumed . . 9 . time that could have been devoted to other cases on the [Court’s] docket.” See 10 Pagtalunan, 291 F.3d at 642; Edwards v. Marin Park, Inc., 356 F.3d 1058, 1065 (9th 11 Cir. 2004) (“[R]esources continue to be consumed by a case sitting idly on the court's 12 docket.”). 13 On July 16, 2020, the Court issued an “Order Re: Procedures in Social Security 14 Appeal” (“CMO”). Dkt. 6. The CMO stated: “Plaintiff will have 35 days from the 15 filing of the answer to file and serve a Memorandum in Support of Plaintiff’s 16 Complaint.” Id. at 2 (emphasis in original). On June 25, 2021, this Court issued an 17 OSC ordering Plaintiff to show by July 16, 2021 why this action should not be 18 dismissed for failure to prosecute and failure to comply with a Court Order. Dkt. 15. 19 Plaintiff was warned that “[f]ailure to respond to the Court’s Order may result in the 20 dismissal of the action.” Id. (emphasis added). The Court issued a second OSC on 21 August 6, 2021, warning that failure to respond will result in dismissal. Dkt. 16 22 (emphasis in original). 23 Plaintiff has failed to comply, or otherwise respond, to any of the Court’s 24 Orders, several of which warned Plaintiff that her failure to comply could or would 25 result in the recommended dismissal of the instant action. See Dkts. 9; 20. Plaintiff’s 26 failure to prosecute and follow Court Orders hinders the Court’s ability to move this 27 case toward disposition and suggests Plaintiff does not intend to or cannot litigate this 28 4 Case 5:20-cv-01403-DMG-MAR Document 17 Filed 01/20/22 Page 5 of 7 Page ID #:940

1 action diligently. Consequently, the Court’s need to manage its docket favors 2 dismissal here. 3 3. The risk of prejudice to Defendant 4 The third factor—prejudice to Defendant(s)—also weighs in favor of dismissal. 5 A rebuttable presumption of prejudice to defendant arises when plaintiffs 6 unreasonably delay prosecution of an action. See In re Eisen, 31 F.3d 1447, 1452–53 7 (9th Cir. 1994) (“[T]he failure to prosecute diligently is sufficient by itself to justify 8 dismissal . . . [t]he law presumes injury from unreasonable delay.”). 9 Nothing suggests such a presumption is unwarranted in this case. Plaintiff has 10 not provided any reason for her failure to comply with either the Court’s CMO or 11 OSCs and for her failure to communicate with the Court since she filed the 12 Complaint on July 16, 2020. Dkt. 1. Given the length of the delay, the Court finds 13 Plaintiff’s delay in prosecuting this case to be unreasonable. Thus, prejudice is 14 presumed and weighs in favor of dismissal. See, e.g., In re Phenylpropanolamine 15 (PPA) Prod. Liab. Litig., 460 F.3d at 1227 (“The law . . . presumes prejudice from 16 unreasonable delay.”). 17 4. Public policy favoring disposition on the merits 18 The fourth factor—public policy in favor of deciding cases on the merits— 19 ordinarily weighs against dismissal. See In re Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Prod. Liab. 20 Litig., 460 F.3d at 1228. Here, as it usually does, the fourth factor weighs against 21 dismissal. It is, however, Plaintiff’s responsibility to move towards disposition at a 22 reasonable pace and avoid dilatory and evasive tactics. See Morris v. Morgan Stanley, 23 942 F.2d 648, 652 (9th Cir. 1991). Plaintiff has not discharged this responsibility 24 despite having been: (1) instructed on her responsibilities; (2) granted sufficient time 25 in which to discharge them; and (3) warned of the consequences of failure to do so. 26 See Dkts. 19; 20. Under these circumstances, and without any other information 27 from Plaintiff, the policy favoring resolution of disputes on the merits does not 28 5 Case 5:20-cv-01403-DMG-MAR Document 17 Filed 01/20/22 Page 6 of 7 Page ID #:941

1 outweigh Plaintiff’s failure to obey Court Orders or to file responsive documents 2 within the time granted. 3 5. Availability of less drastic alternatives 4 The fifth factor—availability of less drastic sanctions—also weighs in favor of 5 dismissal. A “district court need not exhaust every sanction short of dismissal before 6 finally dismissing a case, but must explore possible and meaningful alternatives.” 7 Henderson, 779 F.2d at 1424. Less drastic alternatives to dismissal include warning a 8 party that dismissal could result from failure to obey a court order. See Malone v. 9 U.S. Postal Service, 833 F.2d 128, 132 n.1 (9th Cir. 1987). Further, “a district court’s 10 warning to a party that his [or her] failure to obey the court’s order will result in 11 dismissal can satisfy the ‘consideration of alternatives’ requirement.” Ferdik, 963 F.2d 12 at 1262 (citations omitted). 13 Here, the Court cannot move the case toward disposition without Plaintiff’s 14 compliance with Court Orders or participation in this litigation. Plaintiff has shown 15 she is either unwilling or unable to comply with Court Orders by filing responsive 16 documents or otherwise cooperating in prosecuting this action. Given this record, the 17 Court finds that any less drastic alternatives to dismissal would be inadequate to 18 remedy Plaintiff’s failures to obey Court Orders and to prosecute. 19 6. Summary 20 Finally, while dismissal should not be entered unless Plaintiff has been notified 21 dismissal is imminent, see W. Coast Theater Corp. v. City of Portland, 897 F.2d 1519, 22 1523 (9th Cir. 1990), the Court has warned Plaintiff about the potential dismissal in 23 two (2) separate OSCs. See Dkts. 15; 16. 24 As discussed above, four (4) of the Rule 41(b) factors weigh in favor of 25 dismissal. Accordingly, this action is subject to dismissal. 26 /// 27 /// 28 /// 6 Case 9:20-cv-01403-DMG-MAR Document17 Filed 01/20/22 Page 7of7 Page ID #:942

1 IV. 2 ORDER 3 IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED THAT Petitioner’s case is DISMISSED 4 | without prejudice. ‘ DATED: January 20, 2022

8 United Sta 6 District Judge 10 | Presented by: 11 A : = 12 13 Matted Stancs Magisteare Judge 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28